A Brief History of Casinos in Cinema

Casinos have been a recurring theme in cinema for decades. They offer a rich visual landscape and a compelling atmosphere for filmmakers to explore. One of the earliest cinematic representations of a casino can be traced back to the 1942 film “Casablanca.” In a casino setting, the iconic scene at Rick’s Café Américain, where Humphrey Bogart’s Rick Blaine and Ingrid Bergman’s Ilsa Lund cross paths. It’s a place where love, intrigue, and gambling converge, setting the tone for many casino-themed movies to come.

As the years rolled on, the depiction of casinos in cinema evolved. The 1950s and 1960s saw a surge in casino-centered films, many of which were set in the neon-lit streets of Las Vegas. Movies like “Ocean’s Eleven” (both the original 1960 version and the 2001 remake) and “Casino” (directed by Martin Scorsese) showcased the glitz and glamour of Sin City, complete with high-stakes heists and intricate plots.

Hollywood’s fascination with casinos didn’t stop there. The 1990s brought us “Rounders,” a film that delves into the gritty world of underground poker, and “Leaving Las Vegas,” a poignant story of self-destructive love set against the backdrop of the city’s endless temptations. These movies illuminated the darker aspects of casino culture, showing that there’s often a seedy underbelly beneath the glamour.

But the allure of casinos extends beyond the big screen. In today’s digital age, online casinos like https://play-fortune.pl/ offer a convenient way to experience gambling excitement from the comfort of your home.

The Aesthetic Appeal of Casino Settings

One of the reasons casinos are so frequently featured in cinema is their aesthetic appeal. The vibrant colors, dazzling lights, and opulent interiors make visually stunning scenes. Directors often use casinos as a canvas to paint their stories, creating an atmosphere that captivates the audience.

Take, for example, the James Bond franchise. In films like “Casino Royale” and “Diamonds Are Forever,” casinos are the perfect backdrop for the suave secret agent’s adventures. Bond’s encounters with high-stakes poker games and glamorous Bond girls in these settings add to the allure of the films.

Even in films not primarily centered on casinos, these establishments symbolize luxury and excess. The iconic scene in “Rain Man,” where Raymond Babbitt, portrayed by Dustin Hoffman, astutely counts cards at the blackjack table, showcases the intellectual prowess of an autistic savant in casino decadence.

Gambling as a Plot Device

Beyond their visual appeal, casinos also offer a rich narrative. Gambling is a universal human experience, and the tension, thrill, and consequences of betting provide ample material for storytellers. Whether it’s a desperate poker game in “Maverick” or the roulette wheel spinning in “The Sting,” casinos serve as the backdrop for characters to test their luck and skill.

The portrayal of gambling addiction is another theme that often emerges in casino-themed films. “Owning Mahowny” and “The Gambler” delve deep into the psychology of addiction, showing how the thrill of the game can lead to self-destruction.

The Impact of Casino Movies on the Industry

Interestingly, the relationship between casinos and cinema is not one-sided. The movies have also influenced the casino industry itself. The popularity of poker, in particular, received a boost from films like “Rounders” and “Casino Royale.” Poker rooms in real-world casinos became more stylish and competitive, mirroring the on-screen excitement.

Additionally, some casinos have embraced their cinematic connections by recreating iconic movie scenes within their walls. Visitors to Las Vegas can experience a taste of Hollywood by exploring themed casino areas, such as the “Casablanca” and “Ocean’s Eleven” sections of various resorts.

Beyond Hollywood: Online Gambling in the Digital Age

The allure of casinos has extended beyond the silver screen into the digital realm. Online casinos, like Play Fortune, offer the thrill of gambling from the comfort of one’s home. These platforms provide a wide range of games, from slots to poker, and have become popular entertainment for many.

As technology advances, the line between cinema and online casinos blurs further. Some online casinos now feature live dealers and interactive experiences that bring the excitement of the casino floor to your screen. It’s a testament to the enduring fascination with the world of gambling and its cinematic portrayal.

Conclusion

Casinos in cinema have transcended mere settings; they have become characters in their own right, shaping the stories they inhabit. From the glitz and glamour of Las Vegas to the darker underbelly of underground gambling, casinos provide a captivating backdrop for a wide range of narratives.

Casino-themed movies’ influence on the film industry and the casino world itself cannot be overstated. As long as there is an appetite for high-stakes drama, romance, and the thrill of gambling, casinos will continue to shine on the silver screen, captivating audiences worldwide.

So, whether you’re a film buff or a gambler, the next time you watch a casino-themed movie, remember that beyond the reels and the roulette wheels lies a world of glamour, glitz, and gambling that has enticed audiences for generations.

And if you’re ready to try your luck in the digital age, you can explore the world of online gambling at platforms like https://gamblechief.com/. The allure of the casino is here to stay, whether on the big screen or in the virtual realm.

The post Casinos in Cinema: Glitz, Glamour, and the Silver Screen’s Allure appeared first on OTheater-ri.

Let’s take a look back at the top-grossing movies of 2005 and see where they are now

First up is Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith. This installment in George Lucas’ iconic sci-fi saga made over $848 million worldwide and remained one of the highest-grossing films in history. The film has since been released on home video and streaming services to much fanfare from die-hard Star Wars fans around the world.

Next up is Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. This fourth installment in J.K. Rowling’s beloved series made over $896 million worldwide and was one of the highest-grossing films of all time at the time of its release. The film has since been released on home video and streaming services and continues to be loved by fans around the world.

“Mr. & Mrs. Smith” – starring Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie, this action-comedy film gained attention due to the chemistry between its leads, who later became a couple in real life. Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie have both continued their successful acting careers, although they announced their divorce in 2016.

Next on the list is Tim Burton’s “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory,” the remake of the 1971 classic. The film was a critical success, earning over $473 million worldwide. Burton has continued to direct many movies since then, including “Alice in Wonderland” (2010) and “Miss Peregrine’s Home for Peculiar Children” (2016).

Other top-grossing films from 2005

Christopher Nolan’s “Batman Begins,” which cemented Batman as one of Hollywood’s most iconic superheroes; Pixar’s animated hit “The Incredibles”; and Disney/Pixar’s ground-breaking feature film “Cars.” All three of these films spawned successful sequels that are still popular today.

Another big hit that year was the comedy “Wedding Crashers.” This romantic comedy grossed over $285 million worldwide and became an instant classic. Its success spawned multiple sequels, as well as a successful home video release. The stars of the film, Owen Wilson and Vince Vaughn, went on to become two of Hollywood’s most sought-after actors after their breakout performances in this movie.

The highest-grossing animated film of 2005 was “Madagascar,” which earned nearly $532 million worldwide. Following its release, there were several more Madagascar movies and a number of television specials. The characters are still popular today, with many fans looking forward to the latest installment in the series, “Madagascar: A Little Wild.”

Finally, we come to two more memorable films from 2005:

Steven Spielberg’s “War of the Worlds,” starring Tom Cruise, and Peter Jackson’s “King Kong,” which was a huge success with fans of his Lord of the Rings trilogy. Both films have since been remade for modern audiences, with Jackson’s “Kong: Skull Island” being released in 2017 and Spielberg’s remake of War of the Worlds premiering in 2019.

Highest grossing movie of 2005 was The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe. This adaptation of C.S Lewis’ classic children’s novel made over $745 million worldwide and spawned two sequels, 2008’s Prince Caspian and 2010’s Voyage of Dawn Treader. Though no further films have been released since then, the franchise continues to be a beloved classic among fans of all ages.

Finally, King Kong rounds out this list with its impressive $550 million worldwide gross. This adaptation of the original 1933 classic was met with critical and commercial success upon its release and has since been released on home video and streaming services. The film also spawned a sequel in 2017’s Kong: Skull Island, which was also met with much success.

It’s amazing to take a look back at these iconic movies from 2005 and see how much they have impacted our lives. From Harry Potter to Star Wars, these top-grossing films have become part of popular culture. We can only wonder where their fans are now!

So there you have it – a look back at the top-grossing movies of 2005 and where they are now. Despite its age, this list remains highly relevant today as many of these films still have sequels or remakes circulating within Hollywood. From superheroes to animated classics, these movies continue to stand the test of time.

The post A Look Back at the Top Grossing Movies of 2005 – Where Are They Now? appeared first on OTheater-ri.

Toby and Alex Talk Family, Entrepreneurship, and Life Lessons

For both Toby and Alex, family is a major priority in life; “Family is so important to me,” says Toby. “It’s about more than just sharing time together – it’s also about being present for each other and understanding that your actions or words can have an impact on one another.” Alex echoes this sentiment, adding that he believes there’s nothing more meaningful than the connection between siblings. He emphasizes his appreciation for Toby as both a business partner and mentor: “My brother taught me through example that hard work pays off, and I’m forever grateful for the knowledge he imparted to me.”

The Watsons also discussed the importance of entrepreneurship and how it can be a path to success. Toby notes that he has always been an entrepreneur at heart, but that starting a business in today’s world requires more than just passion; you have to be willing to take risks, stay organized, and develop creative solutions to problems. Alex points out that there are many advantages to becoming an entrepreneur: “You get to make your own decisions, run your own business and determine your own destiny.”

Lastly, the brothers shared their thoughts on life lessons they’ve learned along the way. Toby believes that no matter what challenges come up in life, staying positive is key; “No matter what situation you find yourself in, having an optimistic outlook will open more doors for you in the long run.” Alex is a firm believer in taking risks and trying new things, even if it means stepping outside of your comfort zone: “Sometimes we can be held back by fear or doubt, but life is about learning and growing. Taking risks can lead to great opportunities and personal growth – just make sure you do your research first!”

These words of wisdom from Toby and Alex Watson demonstrate that family, entrepreneurship, and life lessons are all intertwined. Whether you take inspiration from their business successes or their commitment to each other as brothers, these two have a lot to share with the world.

Meet Emma Watson Sisters- Lucy & Nina, Two Talented Creative Women

Lucy Watson, the oldest of the sisters, is a fashion designer and blogger based in London. Her designs are known for their boldness and creativity, often pushing the boundaries of what’s possible with clothing design. In addition to her own line of clothing, she has collaborated with several well-known brands including Topshop and Reebok. She also runs a popular blog where she shares her unique style tips and fashion advice.

Nina Watson is an artist and illustrator who works out of Los Angeles. Her artwork features beautiful depictions of everyday life that touch on themes such as nature, family relationships, emotions, and more. She has had her work featured in magazines and galleries around the world, as well as collaborated with numerous brands on custom projects. Her artwork often features bright colors and bold lines – making it distinctively her own.

The sisters have both made names for themselves within their respective creative fields. They each bring a unique perspective and creativity to their work, while still sharing their love of fashion and art. Their shared passion for creating beautiful things is evident in all that they do.

As successful women, Lucy and Nina are also very vocal about championing female empowerment. They support each other’s endeavors, encourage one another to keep pushing boundaries, and take pride in watching each other succeed. With Emma Watson’s influence behind them, it’s no surprise that these two talented sisters are making waves in the creative world.

So, Emma’s family dynamic clearly shows how much love and support they have for one another. While they don’t spend as much time together as some families, their close bond is evident when they do get to reunite. Whether it’s attending events or just spending time catching up with each other, Emma Watson siblings make the most out of their time together.

Emma’s family isn’t just limited to her four siblings. Her parents also play an important role in her life. From being supportive of her acting career to standing by her through tough times, they have been instrumental in shaping Emma into who she is today.

At the end of the day, it’s clear that Emma Watson has a very close-knit family with whom she cherishes spending time with whenever possible. Though far apart geographically, their bond only seems to become stronger as they continue to look out for one another and support each other in their endeavors. It’s this strong foundation that makes them so successful both on and off the screen.

The post A Look Into Emma Watson’s Family Dynamic – Meeting Her Siblings appeared first on OTheater-ri.

Comedy
Calling the most popular types of films, let’s highlight comedies. This genre is unlikely to ever die, as it is extremely in demand. Comedies were presented on the stage of the ancient Greek theatre. Their plots evoke a laugh or a smile, their characters all the time are in ridiculous situations.
Comedies are the beginnings of feature films. They captivate audiences with funny dialogues, memorable phrases. An example of a good comedy is American Pie.

Drama
When listing the varieties of films, it is impossible not to mention drama. It is based on conflicted action and numerous monologue dialogues. These films often deal with the private lives of individuals in conflict with society. The plots raise themes of universal contradictions related to the behaviour or actions of the characters.
An example of a skilfully filmed drama is Paradise Lake.
Drama subgenres include tragedy. They show the real strength of characters. Dramas reflect the everyday circumstances, the relationship of the characters with others, their attempts to solve their own problems and difficulties of life. It can be a quarrel between spouses or a prison break. The drama is often supplemented with other genres to make it more thematic or location specific.

The thriller
The main components of action films are violence, fighting and harassment. They usually have a big budget as there are a lot of stunts and special effects. The plot is convoluted, the main character is forced to fight with evil, often using violence as the only possible way out. The main character is compelled to kill, but in spite of this, the plot is almost always happy.
In action films it is difficult for the heroes to solve problems peacefully, they prefer fists with guns. This kind of film genre is mostly enjoyed by the male audience because it contains a lot of action scenes that include fights, chases and shootouts. The good action heroes always win over the bad guys.

Cartoon
Cartoons are a separate kind of cinema for younger audiences. Animation is rapidly evolving and makes increasing use of special effects. Modern cartoons are very colourful and their plots are filled with dynamics. Children love watching the adventures of Tom and Jerry, Masha and the Bear, the wolf and the hare from Well, wait for it! The last of these cartoons dates back to the Soviet era and is enjoyed by children of all generations.

Science fiction
In films made in the sci-fi genre, viewers are told about other worlds and planets. These are stories that show the development of science with technology. Most often their plots are built around the not too distant future or alternate realities of the present. In science fiction films, there are several areas: meetings with the inhabitants of other civilizations and planets, space, life on other worlds. In these bands are always a lot of scenery and special effects used to create an image of the future.

Thriller
This genre is much like the horror, the difference is that it is not so much fear but anxiety with uncertainty. The plot draws the viewer’s attention not to certain external actions, but to the internal experiences of the characters. The emphasis is on the psychological. Thrillers can be terrifying and mystical, the emotions are transferred to the audience through the characters. For maximum glow atmosphere in these films use complex plot twists and turns, dramatic music, stories are often interrupted at the most interesting point. Elements of the thriller can be present in other genres of movies, such as detective or adventure.

Adventures
Almost everyone likes the adventure genre, these films are also called adventurous. Their characters are in constant search of adventure, can conquer the jungle, oceans and seas, and even other planets. Events in adventure films are fast-paced, with unexpected plot twists and turns. Characters are clearly divided into bad and good. Positive characters rarely use physical force to fight evil, more often they use their wits and savvy.

Romance
The best example of a romantic film is the legendary Titanic, directed by James Cameron in 1997. Another example is Talk to Her from 2002.
It is one of the first cinematic genres to focus on the emotions and experiences of the characters. The characters and the people around them can be stereotyped and schematic. The main character is often presented as an ideal, forced to confront evil, to save a lover or a beloved one from trouble. The screen reveals the full range of emotions that the characters are going through in detail.
Romantic films are usually about love, heartache. They almost always end with a happy ending, which is one of the characteristics of the melodramatic genre, although there are always exceptions, for example, all the same “Titanic”.

Horror movies
The plots of horror films are terrifying to the audience. They often have suspenseful music and at the most unexpected moment, monsters and maniacs appear. They can show dismembered bodies and other unsightly details and are therefore subject to an age restriction. Many horror films evoke in the audience not only fear but also disgust – these feelings are considered the most primitive. Horror films are not advisable for children. But despite the scary plots, good often triumphs over evil in the finale. Horror movies may have twisted characters, fantastic creatures and otherworldly forces.

Documentaries
Documentary films are films that have a storyline based on real events or people. It is a kind of non-fiction filmmaking where all the events and people involved are real. The plot of such films may be about outer space, the great mysteries of mankind, and the Middle Ages.

The post Movie genres appeared first on OTheater-ri.

“Casino Royale”

This film was released in 2006 and became one of the highest-grossing films in the collection of “Bondiana”, it was shot in England. It was shot in England and starred Daniel Craig and Eva Green. The title refers to an online casino like https://onlinecasinozonder.com/ and will appeal to anyone who loves gambling, betting and adrenaline. Casino Royale tells the audience about the first mission of an MI6 secret service agent. The protagonist goes to Madagascar to find the terrorist Mollack. The original plan collapses and a brave James Bond decides to launch an investigation that leads him to the rest of the terrorist community. So he finds himself in the Bahamas, where he meets Dimitros and his companion Solange. It turns out that this man is collaborating with the banker of the world’s largest terrorist coalition.

“Live and Let Die”

Bond films have a special charm, and Live and Let Die is no exception. Though it was released way back in 1973, it’s still a popular film. Set in the UK, it combines three genres – action, adventure and thriller. The main role was brilliantly played by Roger Moore.

The film is about drug-trafficking in America which has assumed enormous proportions. It leads to destruction of the national gene pool and loss of economic power. The criminal empire is ruled by drug kingpin Doc. Kanag, he is considered the kingpin of the underworld. James Bond decides by all means to stop the villain. The secret agent has innovative spy thinking at his disposal, he skillfully applies his own talents in communicating with the opposite sex, ferreting out useful information. But the mafiosi are vindictive and are not going to leave 007 alive. Whether he will manage to save himself and win a victory over the drug warriors who hold the whole of America in fear, the audience will find out when they watch the movie “Live and Let Die”.

“Skyfall”

Bond films have been released so often that audiences have become confused. Standing out among them is Skyfall, which screened in cinemas in 2012. This film was the third installment in a new story about the plucky and elusive spy of British intelligence. Its plot is a continuation of the tangle of intrigue that began in “Casino Royale” and “Quantum of Mercy”.

The spy’s loyalty to his boss, M, is threatened after secrets of her past are uncovered. But the task before Bond is still the same – to level the danger at all costs.

The role of the brave spy is played by a charming Daniel Craig in front of the audience. Javier Bardem, Judi Dench and Rafe Fiennes also starred in the film. His team did a great job, and the film received a lot of positive reviews.

“Tomorrow Never Dies”

When listing the best James Bond films of all time, Tomorrow Never Dies was released in 1997.

The main character, media tycoon Elliott Carver, is regarded as the most powerful and wealthy man on earth. He declares a desire for China to join his huge telecommunications corporation. China is in no hurry to make a decision, which angers the media tycoon. The most powerful man on the planet is willing to do anything to achieve his goal. Eliot Carner uses an effective public opinion tool to cause a third world war. To avoid trouble, James Bond must use his superpowers. The good news is that he has some innovative high-tech at his disposal. Whether or not he can stop Eliot Carver – the audience will know in the finale of the tape.

Pierce Brosnan, Teri Hatcher, Jonathan Pryce and Michelle Yeoh all star in the Bond film.

“GoldenEye”

Another fascinating Bond film, Goldeneye, was presented in 1995. The greatest spy of all time was played by Timothy Dalton himself. This is one of the best roles in the actor’s career.

The plot of the film is built around a former KGB officer, a double agent and a corrupt Soviet general, supplying weapons to the mafia from Afghanistan. It is up to Bond to get to the bottom of this story. The film shows a war zone in Afghanistan, a concert hall in Czechoslovakia and even the cliffs of Gibraltar.

The films about the brave spy combine several genres, that’s what makes them so exciting. Watching such a film will be of interest to anyone who loves action, adventure, and thrillers.

The post A list of the most popular James Bond films appeared first on OTheater-ri.

In 1989, screenings of Harlem Nights across the country led to shootings and fights. Two people were killed in a shooting in Southfield, Michigan, and a teenager was killed in a theater shooting in Richmond, California. The violence sparked controversy over the film.

In May 1998, eight people were injured in a gang attack during a showing of I Got the Hook Up at a theater in Bakersfield, California.

On December 25, 2008, in Philadelphia, during a showing of The Mysterious History of Benjamin Button, a 29-year-old man took offense to a loud man in the theater and threw popcorn. at his son and shot the man in his left arm. The shooter was found guilty of aggravated assault and sentenced to 11-23 months of house arrest and 5 years of probation.

The screening of the movie Alice in Wonderland was scheduled to take place. be stopped at Regal 14 Stadium in Bowie, Maryland because of a fight that occurred because of a teenager who kept putting his feet up on the chair of a child sitting in front of her. The child’s father had to be escorted out of the theater by local police.

On Jan. 13, 2014, a 71-year-old retired police officer shot and killed a couple who were allegedly texting while watching a movie. The lone survivor in Wesley Chapel, Fla. A 43-year-old man died shortly thereafter. The suspect was charged with second-degree murder and attempted murder.

The post Fighting in movie theaters. History appeared first on OTheater-ri.

The world first saw the “cinematograph” on December 28, 1895 in Paris – thanks to the Lumiere brothers, and this day can be considered the beginning of the history of cinemas.

The film was shown in a cafe on Boulevard des Capuchins. This small café was the world’s first cinema.

On March 1, 1986, the first fixed cinema was already opened in Brussels.

Over the next few years, short films were shown in the capitals of all the major countries in which they began to open cinemas.

The first films were documentaries and lasted no more than 1.5 minutes. But the familiar nowadays genres of cinematography began to emerge back in those early days.

Improvements in cinema technology at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries made it possible to increase the length of films and the pleasure of cinema audiences to 20 minutes. For the unspoiled viewers of the cinemas of those times it was an unprecedented curiosity.

The early 20th century was a time of rapid development of cinema – filming technique became more complex and improved, the films were becoming longer, actors were learning skills, and directors experimented with techniques. Cinematography was becoming more and more popular and profitable – this prompted mankind to take a new step – the creation of numerous cinemas.[4, p.14]

After all, more and more people wanted to see movies, and cinemas allowed everyone to do so! After all, there were no televisions or computers, much less home cinemas at the time! Thus began the era of silent cinema. It peaked in the 20s of the 20th century. Without sound and in black and white, cinematic art still attracted crowds of fans to theaters. Moviegoers in cinemas did not consider the lack of sound a disadvantage of cinematography, because the movie had in its arsenal of many other means of expression.

The first color film was shown in cinemas in 1922. But a full-length film with a rich color palette, cinema viewers will see much later – in 1935.

The first dubbed film, which was wildly popular with audiences, premiered in cinemas in 1927. It was The Jazz Singer, produced by Warner Brothers.

In the mid-20th century, cinemas around the world show movies that no longer resemble the first creations of cinematography. Films are becoming high quality, the image is realistic, and the sound is three-dimensional. All this is shown on huge cinema screens, equipped with powerful (by the standards of those years) sound equipment.

The history of cinemas continues today. Modern cinemas are equipped with sound systems that can literally immerse the viewer in the atmosphere of the films and give an unforgettable experience. The size of the screens of cinemas reaches 30 meters, cinemas have several halls, each of which can accommodate up to 4000 spectators. Special coating of walls and ceilings, spectacular lighting, an opportunity to watch 3-D movies, and many, many other things – all this is present in the cinemas of the 21st century.

The post When did the cinemas arise appeared first on OTheater-ri.

Even before the early 20th century Thomas Edison tried to synchronize the kinescope with the phonograph, but failed. However, in 1889 William Dixon, Edison’s collaborator, claimed that he had already created a kinetophonograph – a device that reproduced sound and images simultaneously. However, there is no evidence to support his claim.

In the early period of cinematography, sound cinema was attempted in many countries, but two main problems were encountered: difficulty in synchronizing the image and sound and insufficient volume of the latter. The first problem was solved by recording both sound and picture on the same medium, but the second problem required the invention of a low-frequency amplifier, which only happened in 1912, when the film language had developed so much that the lack of sound was no longer perceived as a serious drawback.

As a result, the patent for that system of sound cinema, which later made the sound revolution, was received in 1919, but the film companies did not pay any attention to the possibility of cinema to talk, wanting to avoid the rising cost of production and distribution of films and loss of foreign-language markets. Until 1925, Warner Brothers, which was on the verge of bankruptcy, invested in a risky sound project.

As early as 1926, Warner Brothers released several sound films consisting mainly of musical numbers, but they did not have much success with audiences. Success came only with the film “The Jazz Singer”, which, in addition to musical numbers by Al Jolson, featured his short lines. October 6, 1927 – the day of the premiere of “The Jazz Singer” – is considered the birthday of sound cinema.

The post The Age of Silent Cinema and the Emergence of Sound appeared first on OTheater-ri.

The influence of cinema on culture and art is indisputable; its influence on politics and economics is huge. In many countries the film industry is a significant branch of the economy. The production of films is concentrated in film studios. Films are shown in cinemas, on television, distributed “on video” in the form of videodiscs.

Historically, cinema appeared as a result of the solution to the problem of fixing the image of a continuous motion of objects on a material carrier and projection of this motion on the screen. The solution to this problem required the creation of several technical inventions: flexible light-sensitive film, chronophotographic apparatus, and the projector of rapidly changing images. Photographer Ivan Boldyrev invented the first flexible photosensitive incombustible film (1878-1881). Later the American inventors G. Goodwin in 1887 and J. Eastman in 1889 invented the flammable celluloid film. The first chronophotographic apparatuses were designed in the 1880s. These included: French physiologist E. Marey’s “photo gun” (1882), the apparatus of French inventor O. Le Perns (1888), British inventors W. Frize-Green and M. Evans (1889), photographer V. Dubuc (1891), “Phonoscope” of French physiologist J. Demeny (1892). The pioneers in creating devices for screen projection of rapidly changing images were: German and photographers O. Anschütz and W. A. Debuch, who created in 1891 and 1892, respectively, the projection apparatus of different design, but with the same name – “Tachiscope”, French inventor E. Reynaud, who created in 1892, the projector called “Optical theater” and inventors IA Timchenko and MF Freidenberg (1893).

The inventions closest to the cinematograph in their technical characteristics are: Edison’s “kinetoscope”, I. A. Timchenko’s machine (1893), J. Demeny’s “chronophotograph” (1893), American inventor J. A. Le Roy’s projector (1894), American inventor W. Latham’s “panoptic” projector (1895), Polish inventor K. Prusinski’s “pleograph” (1894) and others. And already in 1895-1896 devices combining all the main elements of the cinematograph were invented: in France – “cinematograph” of L. and O. Lumiere brothers (1895) and “chronophotograph” of J. Demeny (1895); in Germany – “bioscope” of M. Skladanovsky (1895) and a cinema projector of O. Mester (1896); in England – “animatograph” of R. Paul (1896).

The beginning of cinematography distribution started with shooting and public demonstration of the first short films. On November 1, 1895 in Berlin M. Skladanovsky demonstrated his “bioscope” and on December 28, 1895 in Paris the Lumiere brothers demonstrated their “cinematograph”. During 1896-1897 public demonstrations of short films were made in all world capitals.

The post The Birth of Cinematography appeared first on OTheater-ri.